Space Shuttle Mission STS-101
“Mission
Possible”
In 1998, Dr. Weber was assigned to her
second spaceflight—the third Shuttle mission to construct
the new International Space Station, STS-101. The scope
and complexity involved in building the Station, which
ultimately would exceed the size of a football field, has been unmatched
throughout the history of space exploration. Therefore, this mission—the
third Shuttle visit—was exceedingly critical and pioneering.
The significance and uniqueness of this mission
led the network A&E to produce a behind-the-scenes
documentary chronicling the crew’s 18 months of preparations, Mission Possible. The seven-person crew
consisted of both American Astronauts and Russian Cosmonauts, and since part of the Station was Russian built,
they spent significant time developing procedures and training
in Russia. After preparing for over a year, Russian delays
in building the next Station module led to an unprecedented
move. With a mere two months to train, half of the Dr.
Weber’s crewmates were assigned to a new mission and replaced.
As an original STS-101 crewmember, the late
change had Dr. Weber take on a great deal of additional
responsibilities. She was part of the “flight
crew” for both launch and reentry, and in this role,
she revised procedures and monitored for aborts during all phases
of launch. Rendezvous with another spacecraft,
particularly the Station, is among the most thrilling, complex,
and delicate operations in any spaceflight and is an all-crew task.
Her part was to control the elaborate docking module and oversee final “capture”. During
a 6-hour space walk, she manipulated the Shuttle’s
robotic arm to maneuver the spacewalkers around the Shuttle
and Station to retrieve and install equipment. Her view was all
but obstructed, since the Station was docked within inches of the
crew compartment windows, a unique situation at
the time. She therefore developed new techniques to use only camera views and animation during these very delicate
operations. She was also in charge of the “Spacehab”
module installed in the back of the Shuttle’s bay,
which provided storage and living space, and she oversaw
the internal transfer of thousands of pounds of equipment
to the Station.
Space Shuttle Mission STS-70
The Woodpecker Flight
After only two years in the Astronaut corps, Dr. Weber
was selected for her first Space Shuttle mission, STS-70, aboard Discovery. In July of 1995, the
crew of five delivered to space a critical communication
satellite to an orbit 22,000 miles over the equator, and
Dr. Weber was responsible for its check out and launch.
Throughout the nine-day mission, she also performed groundbreaking
biotechnology experiments, in which human cancer tissues
were grown outside the body with amazing fidelity, to later become one of NASA’s authorities in biotechnology.
She was also the primary “contingency” spacewalk
crewmember, trained to fix potential problems outside the
safety of the crew compartment, the Crew Medical Officer,
and a member of the flight crew for entry and landing,
monitoring all systems of the Shuttle during this critical
phase.
In addition to its great success, this
mission was renowned for two other reasons. First,
it was known as the “All Ohio” flight,
since four of the five crewmembers were from Ohio and the governor
officially designated the fifth an “honorary Ohioan.”
With Ohio’s renowned devotion to its home teams, a media
frenzy ensued and continued throughout their training and
flight. Another notable aspect of this mission was the highly
unusual cause for a five-week launch delay—woodpeckers damaged their Shuttle insulation while trying to build
a nest. The ensuing events presented NASA with some of its most
unusual media requests, as the “woodpecker flight” would
even become the subject of a film from the young Olsen twins, The Adventures of Mary-Kate and Ashley: The Case of the U.S.
Space Camp Mission.
NASA Experience
Spanning Many Fields
The
roles of Astronaut Mission Specialists go far beyond performing
science experiments, and as a result, Dr. Weber’s
training and experience is exceedingly diverse.
In addition to being part of the designated four-member “flight
crew” during launch and landing, Mission Specialists
perform spacewalks, take part in spacecraft
rendezvous, operate the Shuttle’s 60-foot
robotic arm, provide onboard medical care,
take priceless photographs, integrate on-board
computer systems, and act as media spokespeople,
among many other activities. They must become experts in all aspects of Space Shuttle systems and operations,
in subjects such as geology, oceanography, and space science,
in emergency medicine, in photography,
in scuba diving, in land and water survival, in flying T-38 jets, and in NASA’s
overall policies and vision.
Outside of training for spaceflight,
there is no standard career for an Astronaut, and assignments
vary dramatically. Dr. Weber’s Astronaut Office assignments
included developing with international space agencies the training and facilities for experiments aboard the Space
Station, participating in critical launch, landing
and test operations at the Kennedy Space Center,
and testing Shuttle flight software. Although unusual
for someone so early in her Astronaut career, she also received
assignments at NASA Headquarters, reporting to the head
of NASA and other top executives. She served as a key spokesperson
in government relations and on an oversight team
that revamped the $2 billion space station programs across the country. She was also the lead in a highly successful
initiative to build businesses from space research
with venture capital, working with a VC firm to
assess prospective businesses for their market potential,
feasibility, and various risks.
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